0. Executive Summary
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Judgment axis

Key judgment

Item IdentityA representative tropical perennial oilseed crop that produces flesh oil and palm kernel oil from the fruits of Elaeis guineensis Jacq.
Key roleFFB → CPO·Palm Kernel → Purification·Fragmentation → Expansion to Palm Olein·Palm Stearin·PKO
Harvesting principleConnect Cultivar, Planting Year, Block, Harvest Date, FFB Maturity, Weight, and Mill Delivery Time
Product separationSeparation of FFB·CPO·RBD Palm Oil·Palm Olein·Palm Stearin·Kernel·PKO·Kernel Cake
Separation of similar itemsOlives are centered on a single main oil source system derived from the flesh, whereas oil palms have a dual product chain of flesh oil and kernel oil.
Domestic production statisticsSouth Korea Commercial Oil Palm Cultivation Area and FFB Production: To be entered after verification of official raw data.
international standardsCodex CXS 210-1999 defines palm oil as the pulp of the fruit of E. guineensis and palm kernel oil as the oil obtained from the kernel.
Separated productsThe Codex distinguishes Palm Olein as the liquid fraction of Palm Oil and Palm Stearin as the high-melting-point fraction.
Hybrid ProductThe Codex separately defines high-oleic palm oil obtained from the pulp of the fruit of E. oleifera × E. guineensis OxG Hybrid.
Malaysia 2025According to MPOB research, Malaysia's CPO production in 2025 is projected to reach 20.28 million tonnes , a 4.9% increase from the previous year. ( Journal of Oil Palm Research )
Area of ​​MalaysiaAccording to MPOB, the total oil palm area in Malaysia by 2025 was 5.70 million ha . ( Journal of Oil Palm Research )
Real-time industrial managementThe MPOB operates an industrial statistics system that discloses production, inventory, exports, imports, and FEB prices on a monthly basis. ( Malaysia Palm Oil Board, Department of Economy and Industry )
Domestic importThe 2025/2026 import volumes and values ​​of palm oil, palm olein, palm stearin, and palm kernel oil into Korea were entered after verification of raw data by the Korea Customs Service.
Supply and demand riskClimate · Labor · Old Trees · Diseases · FFB Maturity · Mill Capacity · OER · World Price · Certification · Land Use · Logistics
Operating PrinciplesPlantation–Block–Tree Age–FFB Lot–Mill–CPO/Kernel–Refinery/Fractionation–Buyer RFQ Connection
Final goalConnecting Plantation–Mill–Refinery–Importer–Food Manufacturing–Restaurant/Catering/PB Buyers all the way to repurchase
1. Plant Identity & Product Master

Basic fields

detail

Korean nameOil palm / Oil palm
English nameOil Palm / African Oil Palm
Representative scientific nameElaeis guineensis Jacq.
Major HybridElaeis oleifera × Elaeis guineensis OxG
classificationfamily Arecaceae, genus Elaeis
Edible partsOil obtained from fruit mesocarp and kernel
Non-edible · Separate managementLeaves, stems, EFB, fiber, shell, POME, etc.
Major harvesting stagesFlowering → Fruit Set → FFB Enlargement → Fruit Maturation → Harvest
Basic product formFFB·CPO·Palm Kernel·PKO·RBD Palm Oil·Palm Olein·Palm Stearin
Basic processing stageSterilization·Threshing·Digestion·Pressing·Clarification·Kernel Recovery·Refining·Fractionation
Basic useCooking oil, frying oil, margarine, shortening, confectionery, bakery, HMR, industrial use
Principle of similar itemsPalm Oil and Palm Kernel Oil are not integrated into a single product

The Codex defines palm oil as being obtained from the pulp of Elaeis guineensis and palm kernel oil as being obtained from the kernel. Palm olein and palm stearin are also defined separately as fractional products of palm oil.

Product Master

Product ID

Actual product form

Key Management Standards

OILPALM-P01Seedlings and planting materialsCultivar·Hybrid·Nursery·Health
OILPALM-P02Mature FFBBlock·Harvest Date·Ripeness·Weight
OILPALM-P03Loose FruitFruit Loss·Ripeness·Collection
OILPALM-P04Mill-grade FFBRipeness·Foreign Matter·Delivery Time
OILPALM-P05Crude Palm Oil (CPO)Mill Lot · OER · Moisture · Impurities
OILPALM-P06Palm KernelKernel Recovery · Moisture · Foreign Matter
OILPALM-P07Crude Palm Kernel Oil (CPKO)Kernel Crushing · Yield
OILPALM-P08Refined Palm Kernel OilRefining history and quality
OILPALM-P09RBD Palm OilRefining·Bleaching·Deodorization Lot
OILPALM-P10Palm OleinFractionation·Slip Point·Product Grade
OILPALM-P11Palm StearinFractionation · High melting point fraction
OILPALM-P12Palm SuperoleinControlled Fractionation
OILPALM-P13Palm Kernel OleinPKO liquid fraction
OILPALM-P14Palm Kernel StearinPKO solid fraction
OILPALM-P15High Oleic Palm OilOxG Hybrid·Oleic Profile
OILPALM-P16Palm Kernel CakeMoisture, protein, residual oil
OILPALM-P17Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB)Moisture, Fiber, Applications
OILPALM-P18Mesocarp FiberBiomass Spec
OILPALM-P19Palm Kernel ShellSize, Moisture, Energy, Uses
OILPALM-P20PB · Palm Product for Food ManufacturingOrigin · Lot · Grade · Certification · Labeling
2. Product Classification & Use Segmentation

Classification criteria

Subdivision type

Management principles

Plant classificationE. guineensisPlant Master
HybridOxG etc.Hybrid ID
Plantation MaterialCultivar·Clone·Seed SourcePlanting Material
receiptImmature·Mature·Replanting AgePlantation Runtime
production purposeFFB→Food Oil·Industrial OilUse Type
Raw material partsMesocarp·KernelProduct Chain Separation
Raw material formFFB · Loose Fruit · KernelProduct ID
Maintenance statusCrude · Refined · FractionatedProduct Separation
form of differentiationOlein, Stearin, SuperoleinIndependent Product
Final useFrying·Bakery·Margarine·Shortening·Confectionery·HMRBuyer Spec
by-productEFB·Fiber·Shell·POME·Kernel CakeCircular Entity
Transaction typePlantation Contract·Mill Supply·Bulk Oil·Import·OEM/PBNDA
3. Production, Harvest & Post-harvest

Since oil palm is a perennial plantation crop, unlike crops that only record sowing and harvesting on an annual basis, the Planting Year–Tree Age–Block–Harvest Round–FFB Yield–Mill Delivery must be tracked over a long period.

In the MPOB 2025 Industry Assessment, productivity improvements, replanting, and labor stabilization were identified as the driving factors for the increase in CPO production in the Malaysian palm oil industry, and research topics included breeding, disease management, traceability, waste management, and biomass valorisation. ( Journal of Oil Palm Research )

step

Essential Dataset

Management purpose

Cultivation planCultivar·Hybrid·Block·AreaPlantation Planning
saplingsNursery · Seed Source · SoundnessPlant Trace
Food ingredientsPlanting Date·Density·BlockPlantation Master
Immature stageTree Growth·MortalityFuture Yield
Transition to maturityFirst Harvest DateMature Area
Receipt managementTree Age·Height·YieldReplant Decision
risingRainfall, Temperature, and DroughtCrop Risk
soilSoil Type · DrainageProductivity
WateringThe relevant areaDrought Mitigation
disputeFertilizer, Amount, and TimingYield
pestsOccurrence and ControlPlantation Health
floweringInflorescence DataFuture FFB
Fruit setFruit SetProduction Forecast
FFB hypertrophyBunch DevelopmentHarvest Forecast
Maturity assessmentBunch Color, Loose Fruit, etc.Harvest Timing
harvestDate·Block·HarvesterFFB Lot
Loose Fruit RecoveryQuantity/LossOER
Collection at the production siteWeight·Block MixTraceability
Mill TransportHarvest → Mill TimeOil Quality
FFB WeighingGross/Net WeightProcurement
Grade assessmentRipeness·Trash·Long Stalk, etc.FFB Quality
SterilizationTime·TemperatureFruit Separation
ThreshingFruit/Bunch SeparationProcessing
DigestionFruit MashOil Release
PressingMesocarp Oil RecoveryCPO
ClarificationOil/Water/SolidsCPO Quality
Kernel RecoveryNut·Kernel SeparationPK Chain
Kernel DryingMoistureStorage
Kernel CrushingOil/Cake RecoveryPKO
CPO StorageTank·Temperature·TimeQuality
RefiningRBD ProcessFood Oil
FractionationOlein·StearinProduct Segmentation
shipmentBuyer · Tank/ContainerDelivery
4. Quality Specification & Lot Management

Quality items

FFB

CPO·Kernel

Refined and fractionated oil

finished product

Public rating

SpeciesessentialsuccessionsuccessiontrackingPublic
Cultivar/HybridessentialsuccessiontrackingtrackingVerified
Country/regionessentialsuccessionsuccessionmarkPublic
Plantationessentialtrackingtracking-Verified
Blockessentialtrackingtracking-Verified
Tree AgeessentialRaw material history--Verified
LotessentialnewnewnewVerified/NDA
Harvest dayessentialsuccessiontracking-Verified
RipenesscoreOER connection--Verified
FFB WeightcoreYield--NDA
Loose FruitcoreOil Recovery--Verified/NDA
Trash/Foreign MatteressentialProcess impactpercolationstandardVerified
Harvest → Mill TimecoreQuality Connectiontracking-NDA
OER-CPO CoreCost linkage-NDA
Kernel Recovery-corePKO Yield-NDA
Moisture and impurities-CPO/Kernel CorecorestandardVerified/NDA
Maintenance quality-CPO/PKORefined oil corestandardVerified/NDA
Fatty Acid Profile-Oil characteristicsProduct CorestandardVerified
Fractionation--Olein/Stearin Key PointstrackingNDA
Slip Point--Fractional oil corestandardVerified
pesticide residuesRaw material managementcheckcheckLegal standardsVerified/NDA
pollutants-Crude oil managementRefined oil managementLegal standardsVerified/NDA
Oxidation and storage-Tank coreTank corecoreVerified
certificationPlantation/MillChain connectionSupply ChainBy productVerified
packaging-Tank/BulkTank/BulkRetail/FoodserviceMember
ShipmentrecordrecordrecordrecordVerified
Returns and ClaimsrecordrecordrecordrecordNDA
RepurchaseconnectionconnectionconnectionconnectionNDA

The Codex specifies the slip point of palm olein as 24°C or lower, palm stearin as 44°C or higher, and palm superolein as 19.5°C or lower. These values ​​are international standards based on Codex CXS 210-1999, and actual Korean trade standards require separate verification of the domestic Food Code and Buyer Spec.


Lot Master Required Field

Lot ID · Item · Product Type · Species · Scientific Name · Cultivar/Hybrid · Planting Material · Planting Year · Tree Age · Country · Region · Plantation · Block · Producer · Harvest Date · Harvest Round · FFB Weight · Ripeness · Loose Fruit · Trash · Pests · Appearance · Pesticide Use History · Harvest-to-Mill Time · Mill ID · FFB Lot · OER · CPO Weight · CPO Quality · Kernel Recovery · Kernel Weight · Moisture · CPO Lot · Kernel Lot · PKO Lot · Palm Kernel Cake Lot · Refining Lot · Fractionation Lot · Olein/Stearin Lot · Maintenance Report · Certification Information · Tank · Packaging Date · Shipper · Returns · Claims · Repurchase

5. Korea Market & Demand Structure

Customers

Purchase criteria

Cooperation opportunities

Maintenance importerOrigin·Product Type·Tank LotImport RFQ
Oil refining companyCPO·PKO Quality·VolumeRefining
Maintenance and differentiation companyPalm Oil Spec·FractionOlein/Stearin
edible oil manufacturersRBD Palm Olein · QualityBulk Supply
confectionery companyStearin · Maintaining characteristicsIngredient
BakeryShortening/Margarine IngredientsB2B
snacks and fried foodsPalm Olein · Oxidative StabilityFrying Oil
Ramen · HMROil Spec · Delivery DateRegular Supply
Margarine manufacturingStearin/Olein BlendFormulation
Shortening manufacturingSolid Fat ProfileFood Manufacturing
Franchise diningFrying Oil · Supply StabilityContract
School and public mealsFood Safety, Standards, and Country of OriginSupply
Large-scale distributionCooking oil · PBRetail
PB·OEMFood Oil ProductManufacturing
feed companiesPalm Kernel CakeFeed RFQ
Biomass businessShell, Fiber, etc.Non-food RFQ
Research and testing institutionsFatty acids, contaminants, and discrimination characteristicsValidation
6. Trade & Supply-chain Intelligence

step

Key variables

Operational judgment

Plantation productionCountry · Area · Age · FFB YieldGlobal Supply
FFB harvestRipeness·Harvest RoundRaw Quality
Mill procurementFFB Weight · TimeMill Capacity
CPO productionOER·CPO QualityPrimary Oil
Kernel RecoveryKernel YieldSecondary Oil Chain
PKO productionKernel Crushing YieldPKO Supply
tabletRBD Yield · QualityFood Oil
classificationOlein·Stearin YieldProduct Allocation
Inventory by countryCPO · Processed Palm OilPrice Signal
exportOrigin·Grade·TankProcurement
Korean importsHS·Country·Quantity·ValueImport Runtime
Domestic processingRefining/FractionBuyer Spec
Distribution and supplyBulk/Tank·Lead TimeBuyer Service
RFQ · RepurchaseQuality, Price, Certification, Delivery TimeSupplier Ranking

Since the MPOB publishes monthly data on production, inventory, exports, imports, and FFB prices for the Malaysian industry, it can be utilized as a representative official source for country-specific Palm Supply Runtime. ( Malaysia Palm Oil Board, Department of Economy and Industry )

Malaysia's CPO production for 2025 was recorded at 20.28 million tonnes, and its Oil Palm Area at 5.70 million hectares. These figures are stored as official industry data for Malaysia for 2025, not for the entire world. ( Journal of Oil Palm Research )

Import and export management

item

Management principles

Crude Palm OilCurrent Korea Customs Service HSK customs code verification
Refined Palm OilSeparated from CPO
Palm OleinSeparate HS verification for fractional oil status
Palm StearinCheck Olein and separate Product·HS
Palm SuperoleinProduct Attribute and Three-Time Verification
Palm Kernel OilCompletely separated from palm oil
Palm Kernel Olein/StearinSeparate management of PKO fractions
Palm Kernel CakeFeed and by-products HS code separate
Korea's import volumeInput after verification of raw data by the Korea Customs Service for 2025/2026
RevenueInput after official verification of raw data
Major suppliersEnter after verifying HS, Country, Weight, and Value
FTARules of Origin by Origin, HS, and Refining/Fractional Status
Food inspectionLatest KFDA standards by oil and fat type
Customs clearance unit priceCalculate CPO, RBD, Olein, and PKO separately
Tank LogisticsVessel, Tank, Flexitank, and Container Connection
certificationSupply chain authentication information verified in accordance with buyer requirements
7. Processing, By-products & PRP Intelligence

Products and processes

Key conditions

RFQ conversion

FFBRipeness·Weight·Harvest TimeMill RFQ
Loose FruitMaturity and recovery rateOil Recovery
Sterilized FruitTime and temperatureMill Process
Digested FruitProcess statusPressing
Crude Palm OilOER · Moisture · ImpuritiesRefinery RFQ
Palm KernelRecovery · MoistureKernel Crusher
Crude PKOKernel Oil YieldRefining RFQ
Refined Palm OilPurification yield and qualityFood Manufacturer
Palm OleinFractionation · Slip PointFrying Oil
Palm StearinSolids · Slip PointShortening/Margarine
Palm Superoleinlow melting point fractionSpecialty Food Oil
Palm Kernel OleinPKO Liquid FractionConfectionery
Palm Kernel StearinPKO Solid FractionSpecialty Fat
High Oleic Palm OilOxG·Oleic ProfileSpecialty Oil
Palm Kernel CakeProtein and moistureFeed RFQ
Empty Fruit BunchMoisture and fiberBiomass/Material
Mesocarp FiberMoisture and caloriesEnergy
Palm Kernel ShellSize and moistureBiomass
POMEWastewater and organic matterEnergy/Environment
Non-conforming Oil LotQuality and pollutionFood Supply excluded

As MPOB identifies Waste Management and Biomass Valorisation as key research areas in its 2025 R&D progress report, it is necessary to analyze EFB, Fiber, Shell, and other by-products as separate Circular Products rather than as simple waste. ( Journal of Oil Palm Research )

Product Research Profile (PRP)

PRP area

Key question

Planting MaterialIs it E. guineensis or OxG Hybrid?
Tree AgeHow does receipt affect FFB Yield and Harvest Costs?
ReplantingHow does the timing of replacing old trees affect the supply volume?
FFBWhat are the Yield and Bunch Weight per Block?
RipenessHow does maturity affect OER and quality?
Mill DelayHarvest→Mill: What is the impact of time on quality?
OERWhat is the actual CPO recovery rate per tonne of FFB?
Kernel RecoveryWhat is the kernel yield recovered from the FFB?
PKOWhat is the actual oil yield relative to kernel input?
RefiningWhat is the CPO→RBD Yield and quality loss?
FractionationWhat are the recovery rates and quality of Olein and Stearin?
Fatty AcidAre Palm, PKO, and OxG products accurately distinguished?
StorageWhat is the effect of tank time and temperature on quality?
certificationDoes the Plantation–Mill–Refinery Chain meet Buyer requirements?
BiomassWhat is the actual economic utility value of EFB, Fiber, and Shell?
BuyerWhat is the impact of OER, Product Grade, certification, and delivery time on repurchase?
8. AX Transformation

first of all

Execution item

Performance indicators

1Species·Hybrid·Plantation·Block·Tree Age·FFB Lot required valueRequired value completion rate
2CPO·PKO·RBD·Olein·Stearin Product SeparationProduct identification rate
3Linking weather, disease, FFB growth, maturity, and harvest dataProduction history connection rate
4Mill·OER·Kernel Recovery·Refining·Fractionation DataizationTraceability rate
5Plantation–Mill–Refinery–Importer–Buyer RFQ connectionRFQ Match Rate
6Video AI FFB Maturity AssessmentMaturity accuracy
7AI Loose Fruit · Harvest Loss Analysisrecovery rate
8Pest and disease AI diagnosisEarly detection rate
9FFB Yield Prediction by BlockError compared to performance
10Harvest Round OptimizationOverripe/Unripe FFB Ratio
11Harvest-to-Mill OptimizationAverage shipping time
12OER predictionError compared to actual OER
13Kernel Recovery PredictionError compared to the actual
14PKO Yield PredictionError compared to the actual
15Refining/Fraction Yield PredictionError compared to the actual
16Global Stock·Price·Supply ForecastProcurement error
17Authentication/Traceability Rule EngineChain verification rate
18AI Supplier/Buyer MatchSample→Contract Conversion Rate
19Plantation → Bottle TracebackTraceability rate
20Biomass AllocationWaste reduction and byproduct sales
9. Industry Problem Bank

Problem group

Problem Definition

Required data

Palm/PKO mixedTreat fruit pulp oil and kernel oil as the same productEdible Part
Cultivar·Hybrid unmanagedDifferences in characteristics between E. guineensis and OxG not reflectedPlant Material
aging of receiptPotential decrease in productivity in aging plantationsTree Age
planting delayLong-term FFB supply fluctuationsReplanting
Climate RiskFFB production fluctuations due to changes in rainfall and droughtClimate
diseasePlantation productivity declineDisease
labor forceHarvesting and FFB recovery may be delayedLabour
Harvest maturity variationOil recovery is reduced due to immature or overripe FFB.Ripeness
Loose Fruit LossActual Oil Yield LossHarvest Loss
Mill delayFFB quality degradation possibleHarvest-to-Mill
OER deviationDifference in economic value of equal weight of FFBOER
Kernel Recovery deviationPKO production volume fluctuationsKernel Yield
CPO quality deviationRefinery Yield · Buyer Spec ImpactOil Quality
Fractionation deviationChanges in Olein and Stearin Yields and SpecificationsFractionation
Palm/PKO Lot DisconnectionSame FFB Origin cannot be tracedRelationship
Tank mixingOrigin/Lot tracking disconnectedTank Mapping
International price fluctuationsChanges in procurement costsPrice
Inventory fluctuationsCountry-specific stock affects prices and logisticsStocks
Authentication and TraceabilityDiscrepancy between Buyer's requirements and Supplier's documentationCertification
Land Use · ESGSupply chain sustainability verification requiredLand/ESG
Biomass low valueInsufficient recovery of by-product valueBy-product
POME ManagementEnvironment and energy utilization issuesWastewater
Repurchase not reflectedBuyer valuation not returned to Plantation/MillReorder
10. Farmer RFQ & Collaboration Model

RFQ Type

Public Registration

Verify/NDA

FFB source procurementSpecies·Hybrid·Region·Harvest SeasonPlantation · Volume · Unit Price
FFB salesRipeness, Block, and Mill StreetLot · Actual Unit Price
FFB purchaseGrade·Harvest TimeOER conditions and contracts
Plantation contractCultivar · Block · Production PeriodArea · Yield
CPOOrigin·Mill·GradeTank·Test Report·Price
Palm KernelMoisture · GradeKernel Yield
CPKOOrigin·GradeYield · Price
RBD Palm OilFood GradeBulk Contract
Palm OleinFraction·Slip PointFoodservice RFQ
Palm StearinFraction·Slip PointMargarine/Shortening
Palm SuperoleinProduct SpecSpecialty Oil
Refined PKOFood GradeConfectionery
Palm Kernel StearinSolid FractionSpecialty Fat
Food Manufacturer BulkProduct · Tank · Delivery DateMOQ · Price
Dining Out & School MealsFrying Oil SpecRegular supply
PB·OEMPalm-based Food OilManufacturing conditions
Palm Kernel CakeMoisture · GradeFeed Contract
EFB·Fiber·ShellBiomass SpecNon-food Buyer
importOrigin · Product · Crop YearExporter·Freight
exportProduct·HS·SpecContract
Technology demonstrationAI Ripeness·OER·TraceabilityPilot
Research cooperationCultivar·Yield·Mill·BiomassDataset·IP
11. RFQ Request First

① Need Products & Materials

Companies and institutions seeking necessary products, agricultural products, raw materials, and processed goods register purchasing demands. Registered requests are utilized to review cooperation with potential suppliers and producers based on the RFQ Intelligence Library.

Process:
RFQ Registration → Supplier/Product Review → Collaboration Connection → Future AI Matching

Register


② We are looking for production and manufacturing partners. (Need Suppliers & Manufacturers)

Register a request to find necessary production and supply partners, ranging from farms and producer organizations to processing companies, OEM, ODM, and private label manufacturers.

Process:
RFQ Registration → Review of Production & Manufacturing Capabilities → Collaboration Connection → Future AI Partner Matching

Register


③ We are looking for domestic and international buyers. (Need Buyers)

Farmers, producer organizations, and manufacturing companies are requesting cooperation with new buyers, such as domestic and international distributors, importers, brand companies, and food service and catering businesses.

Process:
RFQ Registration → Product & Supply Capability Review → Market & Buyer Connection → Future AI Buyer Matching

Register

 

Contact : mail@markethub.org

Version History

Version

Main contents

situation

v1.0Plant Identity · FFB · Mesocarp/Kernel Isolation · CPO · PKO · RBD · Olein · Stearin · Biomass · RFQ Basic Structure Registrationcomplete
v1.1World · Korea Production · Import Statistics · Planting Material · Current HS · Food Code · Verification of Official Industrial Statistics by Countryexpected
v2.0Tree Age·FFB Yield·Ripeness·Harvest-to-Mill·OER·Kernel Recovery·PKO Yield·Refining/Fractionation Specification Subdivisionexpected
v3.0Nursery–Plantation–Block–Mill–Kernel Crusher–Refinery–Exporter/Importer–Food Manufacturer–Food/Eating Out/Retail Buyer Verified Container combinationexpected